Essay on Comparing Dubliners and To the Lighthouse

Comparing Dubliners and To the Lighthouse In Dubliners and To the Lighthouse, James Joyce and Virginia Woolf explore the depressing results of lives devoid of growth or meaning versus those who dare to live their lives in spite of all strife and adversity. Joyce and Woolf are both concerned with the meaninglessness of stagnant lives, the first operating in pre-WWI Ireland, the second in England during and after the war. The Dead and To the Lighthouse both reveal the despair of lives that occupy but do not fill the short span of time between birth and inevitable death. With The Dead, Joyce brings his lament for Irelands plight to its depressing yet strangely peaceful conclusion. Like all the previous stories in Dubliners,†¦show more content†¦At the dinner table, the party begins to discuss the greatest legitimate opera (209) singers of the past and present. Soon the reader must realize that all these celebrated figures are either long since dead, or living singers who are so obscure that only a single person has ever heard of them. It seems that the present society is totally devoid of all beauty, for the glory of the past is lost, and the buds and timid blooms of the present are fatally obscured. Yet still these people gather yearly around the massive banquet table to engage again and again in the same sort of conversation, as Gabriel himself notes: But yet, continued Gabriel, his voice falling into a softer inflection, there are always in gatherings such as this sadder thoughts that will recur to our minds: thoughts of the past, of youth, of changes, of absent faces that we miss here to-night. Our path through life is strewn with many such sad memories: and were we to brood upon them always we could not find the heart to go on bravely with our work among the living. We have all of us living duties and living affections which claim, and rightly claim, our strenuous endeavors. (214) Gabriels speech to the assembled party is in quite a strange tone. Like many other characters in Dubliners, these people are preoccupied with thoughts of those who have not lasted another Christmas. With his talk of our work among the

The Saga Of An Entrepreneur Who Changed The Face Of The...

The saga of an entrepreneur who changed the face of the World - BILL GATES Abstract This article deals with the life and career outline of the American Business Magnate and the cofounder and CEO of Microsoft, Bill Gates. The article primarily emphasizes on the inception and proliferation of Microsoft along with some of Gates’ major business strategies which assisted him to become the father of Personal Computers and paved way for his company to deliver high standards of products to the customers. Introduction Very few people might not have heard the name of Bill Gates, a self made multi-billionaire who rose from a humble background to become an American business magnate, investor and philanthropist and is often considered to be the richest man in the world. Gates is one of the best known entrepreneurs of the PC evolution and is best known for his role as the co-founder and the CEO of Microsoft, the multinational American Technology company. Gates has often been criticized for his anti-competitive business modules and his entrepreneurial strategies, reason why his leadership policies have been a constant source of much discussions and dissertations. Gates has authored two books and co-authored several books, which debate the consequences of the personal computer revolution and how he achieved success by integrating business and technology. He has been the highest individual shareholder of Microsoft until May 2014. Gates pursues numerous philanthropic endeavours through hisShow MoreRelatedA n Assessment of the Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Nigerian Society: the Examples of Banking and Communication Industries18990 Words   |  76 Pagessocietal Progressiveness, Banking, Communication, Environment. INTRODUCTION At an earlier point in history, societal expectations from business organizations did not go beyond efficient resource allocation and its maximization. But today, it has changed and modern business must think beyond profit maximization toward being at least socially responsible to its society. Today’s heightened interest in the role of business in society has been promoted by increased sensitivity to the 018 Univers.Read MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesanniversary of Marketing Mistakes and Successes with this 11th edition. Who would have thought that interest in mistakes would be so enduring? Many of you are past users, a few even for decades. I hope you will find this new edition a worthy successor to earlier editions. I think this may even be my best book. The new Google and Starbucks cases should arouse keen student interest, and may even inspire another generation of entrepreneurs. A fair number of the older cases have faced significant changesRead MoreBhopal Gas Disaster84210 Words   |  337 Pagesgas leak triggered a disaster that is now widely recognized as the world worst industrial catastrophe. Thousands of people were killed instantly and more than 25,000 people have died of gas-related illnesses, several thousands more maimed for life since. Union Carbide negotiated a settlement with the Indian Government in 1989 for $470 million - a total of only $370 to $533 per victim - a sum too small to pay for most medical bills. In 1996, t elve years after the disaster, Union Carbide became partRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesProcess Analysis and Improvement, First Edition Simchi-Levi, Kaminsky, and Simchi-Levi, Designing and Managing the Supply Chain: Concepts, Strategies, Case Studies, Third Edition Sterman, Business Dynamics: Systems Thinking and Modeling for Complex World, First Edition Stevenson, Operations Management, 10 th Edition Swink, Melnyk, Cooper, and Hartley, Managing Operations Across the Supply Chain, First Edition Thomke, Managing Product and Service Development: Text and Cases, First Edition Ulrich andRead MoreTop 1 Cause for Project Failure65023 Words   |  261 Pages #1. Every project has to be driven. The more compelling the purpose and the more committed the sponsor is to the project, the more weight can be bought to bear on the inevitable competing priorities and the clash of the operational and project worlds in the business. Others have mentioned President Kennedy s historic project to land a man on the moon and safely return him to earth. Project Sponsors and Project Managers would do well to study his speeches in this regard. The purposeRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagestogether the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting the subject of organisational theory. Whilst their writing is accessible and engaging, their approach is scholarly and serious. It is so easy for students (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster University, UK This new textbookRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 Pagesinformation systems. I. Brown, Carol V. (Carol Vanderbilt), 1945T58.6.M3568 2012 658.4038011—dc22 2010048598 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-214632-0 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-214632-6 BRIEF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Managing IT in a Digital World PART I Information Technology Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 1 17 Computer Systems 19 Telecommunications and Networking The Data Resource 95 60 PART II Applying Information Technology Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Enterprise

Philosophy Exam free essay sample

I believe that the quote â€Å"Education makes music out of the noise that fills life† has a broader meaning to it than it first appears. People would first think of simply the context of it and conclude that it makes no sense, however, to me I think it means that through everyday life, knowing and really  understanding  what’s going on and knowing how to do things really makes everything flow and brings joy to yours and possibly others lives. Education puts together the pieces of life, if you didn’t life wouldn’t seem quite; It’s like music having no notes, having no certain rythm or pattern. It just wouldn’t make sense, but someone who knows music could come along and make the song flow smoothly, which was learnt through education and the will to understand and learn. 2. Philosophy is the love of wisdom. The need to learn and really understand what is going on around you and in your life. It’s knowing who you are and realizing what’s really important. There is no way of avoiding philosophy, it’s in peoples everyday lives. Everyday, even if you don’t notice it you are making an ethical decision or spotting someone else doing something morally wrong and stepping in; or you could be thinking about your life and making some changes and thinking of what’s really important. Without philosophy, you would never truly know yourself. 3. In â€Å"The Apology† written by Plato, Socrates really embodies the definition philosophy as â€Å"philo-sophia†. The term â€Å"philo-sophia† literally means the love of wisdom; and in â€Å"The Apology† Socrates is sacrificing himself for wisdom. He is being true to himself even when put on a death sentence and speaking for his life, he says the honest truth. As quoted by Socrates â€Å"and he only gives you the appearance of happiness, and I give you the reality. †. He always spoke what was right and even when people accused him of being crazy, he never was shaken by these comments. Even when he knew by saying such things may lose him votes, he said what was knowledgable and true. Quote by Socrates â€Å"I shall never alter my ways, not even if I have to die many times †. He gave wisdom to those around him in with his last breaths, and had no regrets. 4. Making an assertion, is much different from making an argument. When you make an assertion you are stating something and automatically saying there is no way you’re wrong. You’re saying your opinion without evidence or reasoning to back it up and prove you’re right. While making an argument is suggesting at the same time as stating your opinion  with  evidence and reason to back it up. One argument I remember in class is is if love is the only rational act. Many people believed it wasn’t the only rational act, but in my opinion it is. Real love is feeling the same way about another person endlessly and unconditionally. You see their flaws and still love them, waiting for them and spending time with them isn’t a burden to you. You enjoy time in the  now  when you are with them and you care for them as much as you care about yourself. Love is the only thing that seperates us from all other living things. 5. Knowledge is something all philosophers seek. It is a properly justified true belief. There are two components to knowledge; The first is belief. This is an important component to knowledge because beliefs make up who are, they chart our everyday lives and if we didn’t believe something, we wouldn’t do it and it wouldn’t be knowledge. The second component is truth. If the thing you believe isn’t true, than it is not knowledgable nor is it a proper belief. that is why, knowledge is a  properly justified  belief. 6. It is impossible to be an absolute skeptic because skeptics doubt everything and question everything. So, how can a skeptic be sure of his words? Without believing that his words are truer than others, he can’t even formulate his questions or challenges. If they didn’t believe anything, wouldn’t they have to believe that? Believe that nothing is true and that they themselves don’t believe anything? Therefore, it is impossible. Belief is inevitable in life. 7. I believe the quote â€Å"When you want to believe in something you also have to believe in everything that’s necessary for believing it† means that to truly believe something, you have to believe everything that comes along with it. Every detail and reason to why that belief is true, you also have to believe it. It relates to world view because a worldview is all of   your beliefs all compiled into one big belief of everything. In order to truly believe in your worldview, you have to believe everything else about it. A personal belief I have that illustrates this is my belief that Heaven is real. In order for me to truly believe it’s real I also have to believe in God, and in order to believe in god I have to believe that Satan is real, which would also require I believe there is a Hell. Which would also lead to believing that when you die you truly are judged for your life. One belief comes with many others. 8. â€Å"Is it correct? †, â€Å"Is it complete†, and â€Å"Is it coherent† are the three tests to measure a persons worldview. If you omit any of these tests, your worldview wouldn’t be true. You would damage your worldview or end up making it completely destroyed. 9. The Principle of Belief and Conservation are reasons why you should and/or shouldn’t believe something/ a proposition. Taking a stand towards a belief would require you doubting a lot of your current beliefs; you have no good reason or doubt all these beliefs; and no compelling reason to take a stand on the new proposition. When they beliefs pass their own test, everyone believes it to be true because there isn’t a way anyone can prove different. The Principle of Belief and Conservation cannot be used when trying to prove that Sense experience, Memory, or Testimony is true. It can only prove Basic Beliefs. 10. What William James meant by â€Å"Precursive Faith† is not just sitting back and waiting for the world to show us what is really true. You have to believe before you have evidence that is is really true, you must embrace all the truth you can. Taking this more positive approach will open you up to new things and experiences and discovering more beliefs. A time I had to use precursive faith was when I was little, even though now it doesn’t seem like a big deal, to me it was then. I had a pet fish I loved a lot and it got sick, and to cure it we had to give it this medicine that could either save its life or make the death come faster. I had to believe it would work, because if I didn’t do it my fish would die; and even though it could cause its death, it could also save it. So we gave the medicine to it and thankfully it cured the sickness. If I didn’t take this leap of faith, I would have lost something important to me. 11. The Virtue Theory relates to the idea of teleology for the human life because the virtue theory is if you are interested in true happiness, you must aim for all the virtues, which are certain charasteristics all human beings have. Encouraging and having these qualaties lead to human flourishing and a truly good and happy person. it relates too teleology because it is when you do something good and you hit the target and you fufilled your purpose, which in the end would make you happy. Therefore, when portraying one of the virtues that are necessary into being happy, and something good coming out of it you are â€Å"Hitting the target† and you are a good person. 12. A truly virtuous action must consider the motive, the action, and the context because in order for it to be truly good you must be aiming for something good and expecting something good. If you are being kind, only to get something you want is not virtuous. If you are being Loving someone just for there money, or you are saving a cat from a tree just so people can see you as a good person; it is not truly virtuous and doesn’t make you a good person. 13. â€Å"Money buys Happiness†   is not true in my opinion. Although money may buy you expensive things you want, food you love, the newest trend that â€Å"you must have† because everyone has it, it won’t make you truly happy. You may be happy when you get it, but does it really make you a happier person? You can’t buy your way through life, you can’t buy things and expect people to love you and really want to be with you. They may act like it, but not for you, for your money. When you are lonely and need someone to talk to, can you really buy someone who truly wants to listen and be there for you? Can you buy a wife or husband who will truly love you? No, and without affection and care from others, you cannot live a truly happy life. 14. I think the three most important characteristics of a philosopher are Openness, Truthfulness, and Boldness. A philosopher has many beliefs and has any of his or her own reasons to believe them, but if another person says something which makes more sense than what they believed, they must have  openness  and listen and possibly believe this new idea. The things philosophers believe must be true and have a good reason behind it, and when asked philosophers must state their true belief and have true reason behind it; that is why Philos ophers must havetruthfulness. Lastly, Philosophers must have  boldness  because if everyone else goes against his or her opinion, he musn’t back down just because the majority disagrees. He has to be bold and confident and stand for his ideas if he has better reason to believe so. 15. Plato stated that â€Å"Philosophy begins with Wonder†. I think he stated this because without wonder, nobody would have questions. And without questions, nobody would have anything to have an opinion; which would result in nobody striving for truth. And philosophy without truth isn’t complete. Two things I wonder about which spark philosophical reflection are, what is truly good, and what is my purpose in life.

Accepting change free essay sample

Accepting Change Change is something that is constantly occurring in our lives. Not a single moment goes by when everything in our lives will remain consistent. Indeed, it has become apparent to us that the only thing which in fact survives change is change itself. Change is a natural process that cannot be easily stopped or controlled. However, it is solely due to the unpredictability that change promotes in our life that has overtime allowed the connotation of change to become negative. We should learn to mbrace all forms of change that occur during our life in an optimistic manner, simply because it molds us into becoming more compassionate individuals, and allows us to realize that it is only through the embracement of change that we can embark on a fulfilled Journey through our life. Accepting change makes becoming an understanding and tender person a lot easier. No matter how much somebody tries, change cannot be stopped. We will write a custom essay sample on Accepting change or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When somebody decides to accept the change that is occurring in his life, he is looking at the big picture from an optimists point of view, hus searching for the positive of the current change and doing his best to focus on those aspects of it. His focus is being scoped on the right things, thus allowing him to be happier than somebody who looked at change in a pessimistic manner. This happiness, due to the change, allows room for compassion in his heart. Very few people can still show their care and love for someone, when theyre feeling broken inside or lacking the needed happiness and optimism needed to be tenderhearted. However, accepting change can lead to happiness which could ultimately lead to the hange of heart of somebody and mold them into a more compassionate and understanding person. We also cannot enjoy the beauty and complete Journey of life if we refuse to accept change. For example, when somebody has a loved one pass away, he will most likely do everything in his power to try to block the change that is occurring in his life, and often times, he will go into a state of denial. Resisting the change, in the long run, will Just hold him back from his full potential and cause him to not appreciate the time and events at hand simply because hes too busy being orried about the current change that Just happened in his life- something he cannot change. Depending on the situation, he may not take the time to be thankful for the ones that are there for him and may possibly regret it later. Before he knows it, something else will change dramatically in his life, and hell be too caught up in worrying about the past change, the lost of his loved one, that he wont be able to enjoy each stage that occurs in his life because itll be too late. Looking at change in n optimistic manner, no matter how horrific the change may be, will allow anyone to go through life in the most fulfilling way possible. Change is unstoppable and will always be. Changing the way we perceive change can and will bring many positive attributes to ones life. Beginning to cling to change in the most optimistic manner possible will lead to future happiness, allow the complexities of life to be fulfilled and the enjoyment felt, as well as change the hearts of the ones that need it most into more caring and compassionate people. accepting change By gailcurtis

Julius Caesar Summary Essays - Cultural Depictions Of Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar Summary Act I, Scene i Summary Two patricians Flavius and Marcullus enter. They are confused by the fact that the plebeians are not in their work clothes, and begin to ask some plebeians what their jobs are. A carpenter admits he is a carpenter. Next Marcullus asks a cobbler what his job is, and the cobbler answers in a series of puns ("souls" / "soles"), ("withal" / "with awl"). The cobbler explains that everyone is taking the day off to celebrate Caesar's victory over Pompey. Marcullus, in high rhetoric, insults the plebeians for being fickle, since they very recently all liked Pompey. He tells them all to go back home and feel very sorry for dishonoring Pompey's memory. The plebeians leave. Flavius suggests that the two of them take down all of the pro-Caesar decorations. Marcullus is worried about getting into trouble since it is the feast of Luprecal after all. Flavius insists, and recommends they that drive all of the plebeians out of the streets. Finally he comments that they must do something to humble Caesar or else he would put himself so far above other men as to make them all slaves. Act I, Scene ii Summary Caesar and his party enter. Caesar asks that his wife Calpurnia stand in Antony's way and that Antony touch her while he is running the race. Both agree. A soothsayer warns Caesar of the ides of March. At first Caesar is interested, but then he dismisses the soothsayer. All leaves except Brutus and Cassius. Cassius says that Brutus hasn't seemed himself recently. Brutus admits that he has been troubled, and has been doing a lot of thinking. Cassius suggests he can tell Brutus what has been troubling him. Brutus mistrusts Cassius's motives. Cassius assures Brutus he is trustworthy. They hear trumpets and shouting. Brutus comments to himself that he hopes the people haven't made Caesar a king. Cassius asks Brutus if he fears the people will do so. Brutus admits he does, and asks Cassius to get to the point. He says if Cassius wants him to do something for the public good he will even if it means his death. Cassius says how upset he is that Caesar has become so popular. He tells how he saved Caesar from drowning when the two of them were children, and how he saw Caesar get very ill while campaigning in Spain. Cassius says Caesar has gotten too powerful, and too proud. Something must be done. He reminds Brutus that his ancestor of the same name helped establish the Roman republic by driving out the Tarquin kings. Brutus admits he is sympathetic and suggests they meet later. Caesar and company return; they look upset. Brutus and Cassius agree to ask Casca what has happened. Caesar tells Antony that "yond Cassius has a lean and hungry look; / He thinks too much: such men are dangerous" (I.ii.194-5). Antony assures him Cassius is not to be feared. Caesar agrees suggesting that he fears nothing, but continues to criticize Cassius as a brooding and solemn fellow. Caesar and company leave. Casca explains to Brutus and Cassius that Antony offered Caesar a crown three times, each time Caesar refused it, but each time less fervently, and the third time Caesar went into and epileptic fit, i.e., "the falling sickness" (I.ii2.52). Indeed, Caesar was so popular with the crowd that he offered them his throat to cut as a dramatic gesture. After Caesar recovered from his fit the crowd cheered and clapped all the more. Cassius asks if Cicero said anything, and Casca makes several jokes about unable to understand Cicero because he spoke in Greek. Casca also mentions that Flavius and Marcullus are being put to death for defacing images of Caesar. Cassius invites Casca to dinner the next night, and Casca leaves. Brutus says Casca seemed awfully stupid. Cassius says he is just acting stupid so he can get away with being more honest. Brutus says he will meet Cassius the next day and leaves. In a soliloquy Cassius worries that he won't be able to persuade Brutus to kill Caesar. He decides to forge some letters encouraging him to do so, and make it look like all of Rome is behind the idea. Act I, Scene iii Summary At night Cicero enters with Casca. Cicero asks Casca if he brought Caesar home, and why he looks so scared. Casca explains that he has seen several bad omens including fire coming out of the sky, a slave's hand go unburnt while

buy custom International Organisations Essay

buy custom International Organisations Essay International Organizations International organizations IOs is very powerful unit, which gain its effect in the world of international relations after the Second World War has ended. It continues to increase its numbers every year. IOs can be divided into intergovernmental organizations IGOs and non-governmental organizations - NGOs. According to Campbell, MacKinnon and Stevens (2010), an intergovernmental organization is divisible into three or more nation-states that have signed the agreement to create a legal organization with the definition of its purpose. It is often called as an international governmental organization with the abbreviation of IGO. In addition to the foundation agreement, most IGOs also have different authorities that are established to help the organization achieve its goals. In fact, IGOs usually contain the following bodies such as an advisory body, an executive authority and an administrative body. An advisory body discusses the policy. An executive organ makes policy decisions. An administrative body brings it into action. There is no general definition of the non-governmental organizations NGOs. The first direction of the scientific mens views states that NGOs are groups of individuals, which are organized for a variety of reasons that involve human imagination and intention. The second direction is based on the idea that NGOs are stakeholders with the social or economic changes. That can lead to the conclusion that NGOs are organizations which consist of private individuals from any number of nation-states, which take on many of services and functions. The United Nations, or UN, was founded in 1945. Its Headquarter is located in New York City, which became the successor to the League. Like its predecessor, it has tried to prevent conflict between nation-states. Still, it continues to function and has proven an available institution in many ways. It is the largest and most comprehensive IGO in the world. Six principal organs help to assure its proper functioning. First is the United Nations General Assembly UNGA. It is an organ of the UN that acts in legislative level and as the forum where all members can take part in international dialogue either. All member nations can send delegates to the General Assembly. Second is the United Nations Security Council UNSC. It consists of the fifteen members of the UN that maintains peace and security. Ten rotating members sit on the Council who serve two-year terms. The US, Britain, China, Russia, and France are five permanent members with veto power. Third is the United Nations Economic and Social Council - ECOSOC. That organ contributes to international cooperation and elaborateness. It performs the majority of the United Nation work. Fourth is the Trusteeship Council TC. Its responsibility is to assist with the transition of former colonies to independent countries, which went out of commission in 1994. The fifth is the International Court of Justice ICJ. That is the arbitral authority of the United Nations that has the power to hear cases involving nation-states. Sixth is the Secretariat. This organ is a chief administrative office which coordinates and supervises the activities of the UN. Both IGOs and NGOs decrease state sovereignty. However, IGOs worldwide influence has reduced the quality of life in developing countries while NGOs influence has had a positive effect on the quality of live in developing countries. The issues regarding the influence of IGOs and NGOs are extremely relevant everywhere in the globe. The decisions countries consider about their relationship with IGOs and NGOs all the time.

Retail Marketing- (Retail Audit Analytical Memos) Assignment

Retail Marketing- (Retail Audit Analytical Memos) - Assignment Example Country’s Road’s retail concept or core offering is that of high quality apparel that reflects the Australian lifestyle. Although the primary target is middle to high-income groups, the company offers seasonal price promotions including mid-sales of upto 50% off on products in store. At the same time, however, the company is not a discount retailer and focuses on providing superior quality products that reflect the Australian fashion and lifestyle. The products are neither distinctly classic nor purely modern but a unique combination of both. The significant retail mix elements in this case are location, assortment and communications mix. The company operates both brick-and-mortar stores as well as an online store. The online store has been introduced owing to increased demand for electronic purchases by consumers and falling sales in brick-and-mortar stores. Keeping in view the rising demand for smartphones and tablets rising, the company has introduced a mobile shopping app which would further enhance customer experience. The company’s iPhone app, for instance, has been a big hit in Australia after eBay’s and Apple’s apps. Online shopping has further necessitated the need for managing real-time inventory for the company as customers look forward to getting the same retail experience online as they would in store. Furthermore, online shopping shall provide impetus for greater sale of full-priced items even before the company needs to discount them to offload remaining inventory. This way, margins ca n be increased. As far as assortment is concerned, Country Road offers few product categories (including apparel and home products) even though it offers several items within each category. For instance, under the category of women’s apparel, the company offers dresses, t-shirts, jeans, shorts, pants, shirts, sleepwear, jackets, knitwear and sweats (Country Road, 2014). Then again, it offers various items under the footwear category

Spanish immigrantion to United States from 1800's to the 1865 Essay

Spanish immigrantion to United States from 1800's to the 1865 - Essay Example The aim of this paper is to analyze the Spanish immigration from 1800 to 1865 in the lights of broad and diverse academic resources. Furthermore, it will analyze the impact of Spanish immigration on the economics of United States. As mentioned earlier, United States of America was the land of opportunities for the Spanish immigrants. The main aim of the Spanish immigrants was to find jobs in order to improve their living conditions. In the eighteen century, Spanish speaking countries had weak markets with extremely low wages. Some of them were experiencing political and economic stability and did not have jobs. Thus, Spanish immigrants moved to United States. During that time, Spanish immigrants were in demand because they possessed â€Å"good work ethic and little political voice† (Bankston & Hidalgo, 45). The creation and introduction of the steam engine in the nineteenth century called for the need of labor in order to place and put the track. Therefore, Spanish immigrants were allowed to migrate to USA. The invention and adoption of railway transport changed the structure of the United States in the nineteenth century. It concentrated on creating working opportunities and therefore, United States became the hub for immigration. Large number of Spanish immigrants migrated to US because of better working conditions and better wages as compared to their country of origin (Alexander, 159). The Spanish immigration proved to be beneficial for US in terms of economics as Spanish labor was readily available. Throughout the 1800s, Spanish immigrants were employed in construction industries, steel industry, etc. The expansion of rail road business meant for railway tracks and soon, majority of the Spanish immigrants were employed as labors in placing railway tracks. They also entered the agricultural domain and continued to work in industries. Research suggests that from 1800 to

HRM Case study (giving HR advice) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

HRM Case study (giving HR advice) - Essay Example Elements of organizational structure Specialization Managers need to decide how much work is to be done by each employee. Less degree of specialization would mean one worker handling many tasks at a time. This works with small organizations. But with a large organization, tasks need to be divided into chunks and each chunk should be handled by the designated worker. This improves productivity which also gives total control on the task (O'Fallon & Rutherford, 2010). Departmentalization Forming departments as per different functions is a logical way to do things in a large organization. It is a practical solution in which two different functions cannot hinder each other as they have been separated by their respective departments (O'Fallon & Rutherford, 2010). Authority An important issue arising is of who is going to take how much authority in his hands. None of the organizations are completely centralized or decentralized. Managers must consider the experience and personality of the s ubordinates when deciding for the management style and strategy of the organization (O'Fallon & Rutherford, 2010). Span of control First and foremost, organizational structure of an organization should be determined. This will determine the nature of responsibilities and authority on each member of the organization. ... A narrow span of control would have fewer people to report directly to the manager. This would add more layers to management and hence communication would be slow between lower employees and top managers. A wide span of control would have more subordinates to report directly to the manager. There is a good flow of communication between its lower level employees and top managers. Few layers are involved in the structure (Thomas, 2011). It has been researched that a small span of management with a taller organization structure would be more expensive to run because of greater number of managers. It would also show communication problems. A wider span of control would is more recommended and proves to be useful in most environments. The reason is more employees report to managers directly which would increase employees’ motivation, morale and productivity (O'Fallon & Rutherford, 2010). Coordination of activities Even if there is departmentalization and specialization, there shoul d be coordination between its activities. Problems arise when there is lack of coordination of activities. There should be a link between the functions of two departments (O'Fallon & Rutherford, 2010). A Functional Organization Mr. John Brown needs to make his hotel a functional organization. A functional organization organizes itself along functional lines, with departments being grouped according to their specific functions. Each department is further sub-divided into further small departments. For instance, if there is Rooms Department in a hotel, it is further subdivided into other smaller departments such as laundry department. This way, specific tasks are performed by employees in a specific pattern and there are fewer chances of errors. A functional organization

Innocent Ice Sorbets Market Analysis Marketing Essay

Innocent Ice Sorbets Market Analysis Marketing Essay Introduction To gain a new profit and follow market trends Innocent decide to extend brand and move into ice cream market. Although they launched a new ice cream product called Innocent ice Sorbets. This draft will introduce the launch phase. The activates will be highlighted by using Marketing Mix as an aspect of marketing communication tools. Innocent Ice Sorbets market analysis Innocent Ice sorbets have an innovated and exclusive product that has possibility to be very successful, because of the unique product texture, Healthy without, sugar, no concentrates and sweeteners. (Innocent 2010) Current market analysis shows that Ice cream trends are changing. Numbers of sales of ice cream increased by 8% between 2007 and in 2009 reach an estimated  £1.3 billion.(Mintel 1,2009) the future forecasting sales value are expected to grow by 1.5 billion in 2014 (Mintel1, 2009) Although Innocent need to take into considerations issues that may have impact of the sales and introduce phase. The Innocent is on the market for past 10 year. Differentiation strategy highlights Innocent main tangible resources: financial stability and positive brand image (Warc) this leads capabilities very supportive for marketing communication against highly competitive market. The segment that Innocent aiming is broad and very significant, general families with children, teenagers, 15- 25 and professionals groups 26-45 Non-buyers tend towards over 45 are less affluent to purchases product (Mintel 2 2009). Although Innocent ice sorbets contains 100% fruit that give opportunity to actively driven new market and reflect on healthy living that is so trendy those days. (Mintel 3 2009) This movement need to be highlighted later Ice cream sorbets in marketing communication plan. According to( Mintel 3 2009) there is room for manufacturers to position standard varieties like sorbet as suited for home dessert. Ice cream can be one of the substitute of healthy and refreshing cocktails or simply ice cream healthy desserts for professionals, sportsmens, and also families. According to (Mintel 3 2009) Around 6 million consumers think that sorbets are healthier than traditional ice cream Another positive factor that can have impact in terms of introducing phase is eco friendly packaging that gives advantage to be seen as premium and luxury products. Those types of the products are more likely to be purchased as a treat (Mintel 3 2009)  £1.3 billion ice cream market is tapping into this demand with growing sales of luxury and premium ice creams at the expense of standard varieties. 14 million adults buy ice cream as a treat.(Mintel 3 2009) This needs to be influenced by marketing stage towards segment later on. They are some down side with the ice cream sorbets. Statistic shows that Ice cream are more likely to be associated with warm summer temperatures and is an iconic symbol of summer Ice cream are mainly seen as seasonal cooler. (Wark 2 2009) Summers in England are the most affected by poor weather condition, which is cold and wet (Mintel 3 2009) Ice cream sector is currently dominated by experienced market players that have large portfolio such Ben and Jerrys, Haagen-Dazs, Solero and Carte Dor also grocery retailers that launched sorbets under their own label like Tesco, Sainsbury, and Waitrose. Although, loyalty to premium ice cream brands is relatively low (11%), while interest in trying new flavours and types of ice cream (34%) (Mintel 4 2009) To consider about all above factors Innocent can increase awareness by using strong sides of the product healthy that will gave prospect to differentiate the salves. This will lead opportunity to be a dominate leader of the ice crime sector against huge competition on the market. Uniqueness of the product will maximise market opportunity; by draw new consumers that leads a total market increase 10% until summer 2010, that might raise overall company profits. Marketing mix is a perfect mechanism to find effective way to communicate with it consumers. Marketing communication objective At this stage Innocent ice cream sorbets need to as much possible actively thing how to promote the product as a healthy option refreshing dessert or impulse treat. For those reason clarify objective is curtail. Product objective need to pass throw stages to meet their objectives factors that in the end they will become a SMART (Pickton,Broderick 2005) this will give option to become specific in terms of all marketing communication action and planning. This means that objectives will be more significant to the company. The main objective is more about product awareness in terms of product value and costs. Another significant point to develop way to catch the attention of Innocent sorbets target group expected actions Spring 2010. The timing for launch phase will be very significant from April August 2011. April is a perfect time to give enough time to find effective communication way to introduce product to it new target audience just before following summer. Target Audience Description and Justification The market research indicating the fact that market is already very competitive by rival brands that been highlighting earlier on. Innocent ice sorbets has chance to avoid main revels by differentiate them selfs (Johnson 2008) by providing high value product to broad range audience consumers. The target market will be separated into three different demographics age group. Age group 16- 24, youth and yang professionals groups, professionals 25-34, 35-45 +. (Mintel 2 2009) Statistic shows that ice cream lovers are those ones located in first two group aged 16-24, second after 35-45, aged 45+ are less likely to purchase the product. (Mintel 2 2009). According to those findings Innocent should focus the most on professionals sectors and 35-45 that for some reasons are forgotten by competitors. The reason for selecting those particular segments is because those ones are the most powerful in terms of spending and already have established life style in terms of money and children. Wealthy spenders can be interested to look at healthy high quality luxury ice cream. This will help distinguish product its self. Especially females that are more likely to look at luxury healthy alternative sorbets ice cream, statistics shows that the grocery shoppers in most families are females 50% rather male 44% ( Mintel 5 2009) Womens are more likely to express them selfs in terms of quality and also share idea with friends and family members. This creates world of month in the hopes that once inside the household the new ice cream would catch on with all members of the family. (Kolstad 5 2007) Target sector also looks very promising according to future forecasting shoes that this sector will grow signify 10% between 2009 -2014 (Mintel 5 2009) Marketing communications should accomplish awareness. Integrated Marketing communication strategy Marketing communication is a technique that will be used to decide how to turn an objective into a strategy. At this stage is obvious that company should stress on the message to target audience. Now is more about effectiveness and way to dedicate the message to be understood by audience as Innocent meant to? For those reasons mass media and marketing communication mix will be intently use. According to Marketing Mix that offer range activates tools to communicate with it target audience.(Pickton, Broderick 2005) Those tools will minimize danger that message will not pass thru it audience, or will be understand differently as primary Innocent intend. For those highlighted aspects the AIDA model will be proposed according to (Blythe 2006) that interpreted AIDA as most successful hierarchical, four layer process using the four cognitive phases that buyers follow when accepting a new idea or purchasing a new product. Using a system like this gives one general understanding of how to tar get a market effectively. Moving from step to step one loses some percent of prospects. Although Awareness, Interest and Desire are the most important hierarchical, four layer because they are more into launch phase. Psychologically attract the attention, raise customer interest and convince customers to desire to satisfy their needs. The logic behind that is the fact that consumers come across all marketing activity and learn product when goes out of the market thats creates perceptions in their minds. These perceptions carry, rational or emotional messages, which the consumer then processes at a conscious, or subconscious, level. This framework interprets marketing communication as a transmission from a sender (the brand) to a receiver (the consumer) (Barnham 2008). Those highlighted activities are fundamental to accomplish the objectives that are more into promotional mix issues. For those reasons the starting point as a promotional operation is to drive awareness of the product by using psychological tolls that lead curies and also unsatisfied need. That will cause emotional, hedonic and significant aspects impulse buying towards the product (Ureta 2002). Positive knowledge and experience give possibility that consumer is more likely to back and look at market shelfs towards the product again. But also is existing possibility recommend it to friends or family members. World of Mouth it is influential tool in terms of communication this can be very important to create strong, positive brand images and beliefs. 65% of people seek advice from friends or families (R.Mason 2008) All launching marketing activity is more into noticeable active promotion that will have massive impact on consumer behaviour. When the consumers get in to supermarkets or any place where they can find ice cream cabin, they need to have a drive impulse that will remained about early knowledge of the product. For that reasons visual and noticeable poster that will be adequate to the professionals group but also children the same time will be vital. The posters should look simple and should stress on 100% neutral healthy nature of the product, very much similar to already existing poster of Innocent smoothes. Location of the posters should be noticeable, at the supermarket or grocery entrance or ice cream cabins, bus stops, leisure centres, or during the summer funfairs. Leisure centre or coffee shops should be considerate at first because those places are providing friendly impression moods to their consumers that are more likely to purchase the product and consume it. This action wil l push up Supermarket and grocery sales because consumer they will be familiar with the product and quality. Integrated Marketing Communication Tactic This section is more about activates and events that are going to be undertaken to address objective (Pickton,Broderick 2005) Communication has huge impact to create awareness for those reasons adequate medium will be curtail. For those reasons Innocent ice cream communication channels will be divided into four different forms. Internet, Televisions, Press and Personal selling Over the last decade, the internet has emerged as a mainstream advertising medium, and advertisers around the world are altering their media budgets and switching increasing Amounts of money into this new medium. Before product will be launched the Innocent should think about the best way to create awareness and curies to it consumers. Innocent already posses a home page where could attract a new product to loyal and also new web visitors. Being on the market for past 10 years Innocent should have existing consumers data base that been developed thru main activity Smoothes portfolio. This gave them proximately 10,000 contacts retailer (Innocent official 2010). Innocent could simply use internet power and simply send email with invitations to join home webpage or YouTube official advertisement to introduce ice sorbets. Email those days is primary medium of timely and cost effective interpersonal communication in most organizations in developed countries (Huang 2003).This should be a perfect starting point to aware existing costumers The challenge is to gain new consumers Internet and social networks like YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, in this case will have highly impact on their launching phase indeed. Professionals bloggers and individuals that are responsible for brand image and Public Relations could simply send an electronic invitation to consumers that sign up to use a social network. This will give a competitive advantage to link them to a home page. This action will be mostly dedicated to those consumers that are very familiar with social networks. Over the last decade, the internet has emerged as a mainstream advertising medium, and advertisers around the world are altering their media budgets and switching increasing amounts of money into this new medium. (Wark 2007 ) Television The television is one of the most powerful sources of advertising. The product seen from media is most likely to be remembered and discussed by the public (Work 2007) the only disadvantage is cost efficacy and time consuming process. For that reason selecting appropriate TV platform that will simply gain opportunity and increase new audience that is strictly linking to the targeted market. For a reason the platforms and channels should be selected very carefully. In this case most noticeable and most attractive television channels are: ITV1, ITV2 and Chanel 4. (Horsman 2005) The advertisement will be view to the public every Saturdays, different channel for 4 months for details see Appendices 1. The time will be strictly selected only between brakes of poiular shows and movies. 6:00pm up to 9:00 pm. The logic behind that is the fact that professional groups families are more likely to spend time of front TV and relax between those times. TV advertising are very effectiveness in terms of established products in the market( Lodish 2009) by doing that brand will reach dynamic over the long run suggest into it consumers in terms of the product. (Work 2007) This will give opportunity to remained consumer about brand and reflect on the product by given visual image. Press Womens and Mans magazines like Hello, OK, Marie Claire, Cosmopolitan, Vogue Red, Glamour e.g. Are the most popular magazines at home market (Mintel 6 2008). In this case advertisement will be selected on the second pages of the magazines. Weekly magazines will be taken in to consideration the most. This is the best way to aware womans that they are so influential in terms of purchasing this been already highlighted on early stages of the proposal. That the reason for selection those magazines. The campaign will be run from May un till August following year. Personal selling To support strategy personal selling will be very adequate action. It is one of the oldest forms of promotion but also power full and give opportunity to push strategy. Due to strategy plan is very vital that Innocent should take part of some of the major event or exhibitions in UK. According to plan timetable should be strict follow (See appendices 1) Location is very important, it should take place at main biggest cities like London, Manchester and Cardiff (statistic 2010) those location has been chosen because the distances from each of the cites are noticeable and at the same time products could be introduced in different geographic locations. During that event Innocent could introduce to the new potential consumers a product by offering free sample from portfolio. Sampling is always interesting tool to impress potential consumer. This give opportunity to met potential consumers and retailers and give advantage to receive feedback from consumers inters of product. During the even ts Innocent could possibly provide vouchers buy one get one free that could be used in the next visit in any supermarket or grocery shops. By doing that Innocent will manipulate their consumer to purchase a product but the same time give an opportunity to try a different flower that perhaps could be a favourite one. This action should push up to introduce phase and also give positive impact into the brand image and a new product. Cost and Media Plan See appendices 2 Conclusion

Thinking, Values, And Beliefs :: essays research papers

Ideology is a way of thinking that reflect the social needs and political doctrines of an individual or group. There are many different people and different circumstances this results in a variety of different ways of thinking, values and beliefs. Our ideology grows with us from childhood. From the moment you are born the family influence begins to impact your thought process. A child is like a sponge that absorbs ideas and beliefs. Beliefs are taught to a child in subtle ways such as just listening to the parents and their opinions from everything including politics, social problems, moral issues and even opinions about how others behave. It is within the family unit that a person learns their moral values. It is from their parents that a child is taught right and wrong. Often this is through religious training. Religious beliefs or the lack of religious beliefs has a great influence on a person's beliefs and values. In the early years a child looks to their parents as the final authority on any subject. It's not uncommon to overhear a child explain something as being absolutely true because their mommy or daddy said so. As a child grow's older they see the world through outside influences such as the school system, the media, and their peers. School is often a child first opportunity to think for themselves. They experiment with ideas and values of their own. School teaches children to use a critical thought process. One way where this is done is if a child is given an opinion in a debate and they must find reasons to defend a certain viewpoint. They are exposed to a wide variety of viewpoint and opinions. Another source of influence on values and beliefs is the media. Free speech guarantees the rights of anyone to express their opinions. Children begin to form new beliefs and ideas of their own, the family influence is still there, but just not as strong. Also, peers become a major influence on a young person's thinking. To express their newfound values a child will often go through a stage of rebellion where they reject a lot of their parent's values. This doesn't mean that they have taken on a whole new belief system. It just means they are expanding the values, thinking, and belief system from the home with new ideas and thoughts. The country where you are raised is one of the major influences on a person's values and thinking process.

Dr. Martin Luther King; a Dream Come True? Essay

During the Civil Rights Movement, a man named name Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. stepped up as a leader in order to help end racial segregation. During this time and the many years before it, African Americans suffered greatly. Dr. King’s â€Å"I Have A Dream† speech made a huge turning point in the Civil Rights Movement and opened the door to equality. On August 28, 1963, King gives his speech for freedom. He begins by stating the emancipation of the slaves, issued by Abraham Lincoln and mentions that blacks are still not free. He is very persuasive and passionate while also being aggressive and confrontational. King, along with his supporters, demands a fast and radical change rather than a slow process. Although demanding, King is a very peaceful person and hopes to obtain equality through non-violent actions. His use of Ghanaian style protest proved to be the most humble and effective approach. He knows that fighting violence with violence will only create an endless cycle of fighting, cruelty, and suffering. After stating his demands, he moves on to what many people would call the most memorable part of the speech, which is his â€Å"I have a dream† part. In that part he laid out his vision and hopes for the Civil Rights movement. The ultimate message from his speech is equality among all people not just African Americans. Forty-nine years has passed since this legendary speech, which begs the question; Did Dr. King’s dreams come true? This is not a perfect world and there will always be some sort of conflict or imperfection when it comes to true equality, but that being said, I think that his dream has come true. His dream was that people would be judged not by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character; that segregation would end; and that all men, women, and children could live as free human beings. In some ways, Dr. King’s dream has come true. African American students can go to schools with white students, they can all eat in the same restaurants together, and some even marry one another. Segregation is kept out of school and communities so the children of today are able to have better lives. His dream was that everyone could be free. It seems clear that life in the South has improved for African- Americans. African-Americans have become professionals and teachers and even Mayors of cities and towns throughout the South. Black Congressmen and women have been elected from the South. In the North, Blacks have also progressed in all walks of life. One African-American of mixed heritage grew up to be elected to the Illinois State House and the United States Senate and made it all the way to the White House. The ability of Barack Obama to become President was made possible by Dr. King and his comrades who brought the Civil Rights movement to all of our doorsteps. There will always be some form of racism out there, but at this point it’s just regarded simply as ignorance. Right now, racism isn’t even close to how it was nearly fifty years ago. For the most part, people treat each other equally. Any opportunity for a white man is the same opportunity for a black man. There are no limitations to anyone based on race. Equality has definitely gotten a lot better ever since Dr. King’s speech. Dr. King’s dream has certainly come true in many ways. Take President Obama for example; the first African American president in U.S. history after all the bad that’s happened like slavery and unfair treatment against blacks. We have come from being in the slave house to the white house. The Civil Rights Movement definitely helped the progression of African American’s rights in America. With public demonstrations, rallies, boycotts and freedom rides, the African American race was given the right to ride on the same public transportation, eat at the same restaurants, and go to the same schools as the white race. The Civil Rights Movement also gave African Americans the right to register to vote. Since Martin Luther King’s time, there have emerged many African Americans who have become very successful and influential like Oprah Winfrey, Sean â€Å"P. Diddy† Combs, and Shawn â€Å"Jay-Z† Carter to name a few. We have accomplished and are doing so many good things and have become very proud people. There are still many people out there who are racist, make racist remarks, and feel like other races are different in a bad way. That being said, the level of significance in racism is nowhere near how it was before. As previously stated, this isn’t a perfect world and there will always be ignorance everywhere. If that disparity in behavior can’t be completely eradicated, will the Black man ever be truly free? Dr. King initiated a huge improvement in the freedom for many and he was definitely successful, but at this point it is up to the individuals to make a difference for themselves whenever they face ignorance.

Lanthanum Facts - La Element Facts

Lanthanum Facts - La Element Facts Lanthanum is element number 57 with element symbol La. It is a soft, silver-colored, ductile metal known as the starting element for the lanthanide series. It is a rare earth element that usually displays the oxidation number of 3. While lanthanum serves no known biological role in humans and other animals, it is an essential element for some types of bacteria. Here is a collection of La element facts, along with the atomic data for lanthanum. Fast Facts: Lanthanum Element Name: LanthanumElement Symbol: LaAtomic Number: 57Appearance: Silvery white solid metalAtomic Weight: 138.905Group: Group 3Period: Period 6Block: d-block or f-blockElectron Configuration: [Xe] 5d1  6s2 Interesting Lanthanum Facts Lanthanum is a metal so soft it can be cut with a butter knife. It is highly malleable and ductile. Although the freshly cut metal is bright silver, it rapidly oxidizes or tarnishes in air.Lanthanum was discovered by Carl Mosander in 1839 in the mineral cerite. Mosander was a student of Swedish chemist Berzelius, who had discovered cerium in cerite in 1803. Mosander had suspected ceria contained more rare earth elements besides cerium. Axel Erdmann independently discovered lanthanum the same year as Mosander from a Norwegian mineral Erdmann named mosandrite, in honor of Mosander. Pure lanthanum metal was not produced until 1923 by H. Kremers and R. Stevens.Berzelius suggested the named Lanthana for the new element, which comes from the Greek word lanthano, meaning to be hidden.Natural lanthanum is a mixture of two isotopes. La-139 is stable, while La-138 is radioactive. At least 38 isotopes of the element have been produced.  Lanthanum is one of the most reactive of the rare earth elements. Its uses are somewhat limited by how readily it oxidizes. It is the strongest base of there found in hybrid cars. About 10 kg of lanthanum are needed to make one Toyota Prius ba  trivalent lanthanides. Lanthanum is used in nickel-metal hydride batteries, which attery! Lanthanum compounds may be added to pool produces to lower levels of phosphates, reducing algae growth. Lanthanum is also used as a petroleum cracking catalyst, as a steel additive, to make nodular cast iron, to make infrared absorbing glass and night vision goggles, and to make high-end camera and telescope lenses. Lanthanum oxide has a low dispersion and high refractive index.Lanthanum has no known function in human or animal nutrition. Because it is so reactive, it is considered moderately toxic. Lanthanum carbonate is used to reduce blood phosphate levels in patients with kidney disease.Like most rare earth, lanthanum is not really all that rare, just hard to isolate. Lanthanum is present at an abundance of about 32 parts per million in the Earths crust. Lanthanum is a soft, ductile silvery metal. Jurii Lanthanum Atomic Data Element Name: Lanthanum Atomic Number: 57 Symbol: La Atomic Weight: 138.9055 Discovery: Mosander 1839 Name Origin: From the Greek word lanthaneis (to lie hidden) Electron Configuration: [Xe] 5d1 6s2 Group: lanthanide Density 293 K: 6.7 g/cm3 Atomic Volume: 20.73 cm3/mol Melting Point: 1193.2 K Boiling Point: 3693 K Heat of Fusion: 6.20 kJ/mol Heat of Vaporization: 414.0 kJ/mol 1st Ionization Energy: 538.1 kJ/mole 2nd Ionization Energy: 1067 kJ/mole 3rd ionization Energy: 1850 kJ/mole Electron Affinity: 50 kJ/mole Electronegativity: 1.1 Specific Heat: 0.19 J/gK Heat Atomization: 423 kJ/mole atoms Shells: 2,8,18,18,9,2 Minimum Oxidation Number: 0 Maximum Oxidation Number: 3 Structure: hexagonal Color: silvery-white Uses: lighter flints, camera lenses, cathode ray tubes Hardness: soft, malleable, ductile Isotopes (half-life): Natural lanthanum is a mix of two isotopes, though more isotopes now exist. La-134 (6.5 minutes), La-137 (6000.0 years), La-138 (1.05E10 years), La-139 (stable), La-140 (1.67 days), La-141 (3.9 hours), La-142 (1.54 minutes) Atomic Radius: 187 pm Ionic Radius (3 ion): 117.2 pm Thermal Conductivity: 13.4 J/m-sec-deg Electrical Conductivity: 14.2 1/mohm-cm Polarizability: 31.1 A^3 Source: monazite (phosphate), bastnaesite Sources Emsley, John (2011). Natures building blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-960563-7.Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.Hammond, C. R. (2004). The Elements, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (81st ed.). CRC press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

The Case of the Unidentified Industries-2006 Essays

The Case of the Unidentified Industries-2006 Essays The Case of the Unidentified Industries-2006 Paper The Case of the Unidentified Industries-2006 Paper From the balance sheet and the financial date given in Exhibition 1, I manage to connect the dates with the companies in the following order: 1. The online book seller correspond to balance sheet A, due to high inventory turnover but at the same time keeping low inventory, high cash and long term debt. 2. The book store chain correspond to balance sheet B, due to keeping high inventory, high plant and equipment assets, and profit per revenue is low. . The online direct factory to customer personal pc vendor correspond to balance sheet C, due to high number of account receivable, low inventory, low plant and equipment, but high inventory turnover. Because the inventories are presold, the company doesn’t need long term assets and high inventory. 4. The pharmaceutical manufacturer corresponds to D, due to high number of assets in other assets (know-how, or some intangible assets), high profit-revenue, high stock price and low profit-net worth. 5. The advertising agency correspond to E, firs because of the hint given for the company and second because the acc receivable and acc payable are almost equal both relatively high, also the plant-equipment assets are low. 6. The computer software developer corresponds to F, due to the low inventory percentage showing it is a service. It also has low plant-equipment showing that this business is more of an office type. This company is one of the most profitable of the all 14 firms, which is usual for high-tech company. . The health maintenance organization corresponds to G, because of having low plant-equipment and no inventory and accounts receivable are very high. Also revenue per assets is high which is typical for a medicine company. 8. The restaurant chain corresponds to H, due to the very high inventory turnover, typical for a restaurant. The plant-equipment assets are high and the accounts receivable are low, because in this business the customer pays right after receiving the g oods. 9. The retail grocery store corresponds to I, because the numbers show high inventory and high plant-equipment, because a grocery store has to be well stocked at all times. Also the accounts payable is high which indicates that a retail grocery store would have several suppliers. Also, high revenue to assets and low profit to revenue is typical for grocery store. 10. Department store chain refers to J, because of the high inventory, high plant-equipment and high accounts payable. The common stock and receivables collection period are relatively high which is common for a department store chain. 11. The retail drug chain refers to K, due to high inventory, high accounts payable and high plant/equipment. The higher accounts receivable indicates when drug chains bill insurance companies which is common for this business. 12. The electric and gas utility goes to L on the balance sheet (with 72% of its revenue from electricity sales and 28% of its revenue from natural gas sales). This is the reason for the company inventory. The high plant-equipment number and the receivable collection period it’s usual for company that sends bills monthly. 13. The airline company goes to M, because there is no inventory which means it is a service business. The high plant-equipment is due to the price of the aircrafts. Usually people pay with cash or credit card when they book a flight which explains why the accounts receivable number is low. The profit is low, probably of the crises, fuel cost and the very competitive market in that industry. 14. The commercial bank refers to M (â€Å"fitted into the most nearly comparable balance sheet and ratio categories of the nonfinancial companies†) due to no inventory on the balance sheet, shows that the company provides services. This company has the highest accounts receivable (90%) which can be explained by the loans given from the bank to the clients. Also it has the highest receivable collection period with it being 4071 days.

Should schools require their students to wear a school uniform Essay

Should schools require their students to wear a school uniform - Essay Example In this paper we will address the problems faced by schools and how they are dealing with these issues. Schools throughout the country have been experiencing discipline problems. One the one hand, a number of students have been harassed because of what they wear. It is no secret that students who cannot afford designer clothes and who do not wear the latest trends are belittled and made fun of. These students are ostracised and alienated by their peers. Additionally, they are called names because they wear second hand clothes and some experience bullying at the hands of peers that are more popular. On the other hand, a number of students who can afford expensive items have been attacked because they wear items other students covet. These students are beaten up and robbed. Another problem is that some students simply wear inappropriate clothing. How many times have we seen teenage girls wear extremely short skirts and revealing tops? How many times have we seen teenage boys wear baggy pants and exposed underwear? It has become increasingly common to see teenagers wear clothes that are too daring and clothes bearing inappropriate insignias. It is usual to see kids wear clothing bearing suggestive or offensive messages. Additionally, according to an article published by the education bug website, schools authorities have a difficult time identifying intruders who wander into school, for both students and intruders wear street clothes. This is a very serious matter, as outsiders could pose a grave threat to the students. One possible solution to these problems is to adopt school uniforms policies. According to an article published by the Education Bug website, the Long Beach Unified School District in California adopted a mandatory uniform policy in 1994, and the use of uniforms in public schools is growing, especially in elementary, middle and high school. According to the National Center of

INDIVIDUAL FASHION MARKETING PLAN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

INDIVIDUAL FASHION MARKETING PLAN - Essay Example ‘Valentino For All’, the planned brand extension based on diffusion strategy will endeavour to sell luxury products especially female related garments to young consumer segment i.e. teenage girls. The brand extension strategy would make use of social app to communicate with the target consumers and to create greater awareness. The target retail outlets featuring greater share of Valentino brand will enable the company to make its presence within the target masses. Besides, the brand extension will enable Valentino to make its presence more prominent in the competitive market. The prime intention of this report will be towards performing the deep evaluation of a luxury fashionable brand named as ‘Valentino SpA’. This brand has been into fashion business since long and is basically of Italian origin. Since being an Italian fashion brand, all its apparel and fashion products reflect the styling trend and the traditional craftsmanship of Italy. A majority of the products manufactured by this brand belongs to a niche section and are high priced as well (Valentino SpA, 2014). The brand was established by Valentino Garavani in 1960 in Rome, Italy. Since then, the brand has been considerably successful in gaining significant amount of preferences from both male and female customers who like the precision and the styling factor associated with assorted offerings such as clothing, footwear, perfumes, glasses, accessories along with watches. The brand adds a combination of certain important factors which contribute to its success factor. It is a popular brand due to ensuring the offering of a diversified portfolio of products for men and women encompassing clothing, footwear as well as accessories (Valentino SpA, 2014).In the current scenario, the brand has attained significant amount of development under the effective supervision of their Creative Directors Maria Grazia Chiuri and Pierpaolo Piccioli. These creative

Management Information system (journal) Research Paper - 1

Management Information system (journal) - Research Paper Example Communication, however, can be based on wire basel or wireless, whereby wire basel includes coaxial, fiber optic and twisted pairs, while wireless includes sat., mic., cell phone, radio. In networking, protocol includes TCP, HTTP, Bluetooth and USB. System development, on the other hand, can either be long term or short term depending on the nature of the project. In developing a system, there are certain steps that must be followed for it to be a success. The foremost step is the formation of a team that will go through the whole process. This step is then followed by system analysis followed by a feasibility study, a study which analyzes the practicability of the project in various capacities. System design then follows next, which includes buy, lease, outsource and build. This is closely followed by a significant step of coding and testing. User stage then follows whereby the system is tested, documented, training conducted and implementation plan developed. Lastly, operation maintenance and audit comes into play, which marks the last stage of system

Platos Philosophical Significance (in Regards to Metaphysics, and Ethics Essay Example for Free

Platos Philosophical Significance (in Regards to Metaphysics, and Ethics Essay Philosophy spans the reaches of the human mind in countless topics, but is often divided into three main branches: metaphysics, the study of the nature of existence; epistemology, the study of knowledge and truth; and ethics, the study of morals. One of the first philosophers to look at these fields is Plato (427BCE-347BCE), whose writings are incredibly influential. Plato’s work lays the fundament for philosophy because of his cohesive contributions to the fields of metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics. Firstly, Plato’s work with Forms greatly influences metaphysics. He contributes the idea of the Forms which exist as â€Å"eternal and perfect ideals that exist in an unchanging, perfect heaven (via Velasquez, 2002, p. 84). [2] The Forms contrast with worldly matter; this contrast leads to Plato’s next contribution to metaphysics, his concept of â€Å"Two Worlds. † Plato divides reality into the worlds of senses and forms, the latter of which he considers to be true reality and where the soul resides. Finally, Plato’s description of the tripartite human soul greatly influences St. Augustine’s religious work on Christianity 800 years later. Therefore, Plato’s Forms helped shape metaphysics. Secondly, Plato’s Forms and myths built the foundation for epistemology. Plato argues that due to the souls unchanging nature, the process of â€Å"learning† is the soul’s recollection of knowledge. He also provides two myths, both closely related to his metaphysical works. In the first, the Chariot Allegory, Plato describes a charioteer en route to heaven, in which there exists â€Å"true reality [the forms] with which real knowledge is concerned (as cited by Velasquez, p. 84). The journey is impeded by an unruly horse that represents ignobility. The concept of the journey’s difficulty is mirrored, finally, in the Allegory of the Cave, which discusses ignorance and the escape thereof. Thus, Plato’s myths form the basis of epistemology. Finally, Plato’s work in ethics regarding justice is among the first and most influential. Firstly, he defines justice as the balance between the three parts of the tripartite soul. Thus, his justice theory states that justice in both the state and the individual is defined by â€Å"harmony between the various parts for the good of the whole† (Velasquez, 2002, p. 630). This justice theory shows cohesiveness with Plato’s tripartite theory of the soul. Finally, Plato associates justice with merit: individuals are treated proportionally to their talents and accomplishments. Hence, Platos philosophies regarding justice form the starting point for the field of ethics. In conclusion, Plato’s writings act as a basis and connection for the three main branches of philosophy: metaphysics, through his Forms; epistemology, through his myths; and ethics, through his justice theory. His influence on philosophy and society is expansive and, as such, Plato is one of the most significant philosophers. That his ideas are still being taught to modern day shows the true nature of philosophy: to pose questions so profound that they cannot be answered 2500 years later.

Eulogy for Son :: Eulogies Eulogy

Eulogy for Son It has become immensely clear to me that words cannot adequately or sufficiently describe the meaning and value of Michael's short life. However, I have a compelling need to tell you of the things you already know about Michael. From my perspective as his father, I can say that I am so very proud of Michael; not because he studied and worked hard in school as I wanted--he didn't; not because he attained great awards as I wanted--he didn't achieve these either. Michael found his own direction and accomplished more meaningful things in his short life. Maybe God took him because he already touched more hearts than most of us can touch in a full lifetime. In only 19 years he has touched the hearts of all here and many who could not be here. Our hearts are so sad now because Michael had made them so glad. Michael made us smile and Michael made us laugh. His many many friends will universally attest to that! As Al noted, "The love you take is equal to the love you make and Michael sure mad e a lot!" Not only did he reach a hand of friendship to us, but he extended it halfway around the world to Novomoscovsk, Russia. Because of Michael, our sorrow is shared by a Russian family; a family who also has three sons and with whom we continue to enjoy a close friendship. I am sorry his adopted Russian brother, Alec with whom Michael shared a year of school, fishing and fun, cannot be here with us today. However, I am so glad that Kris, Al, Dan and Laurel are here. Michael was our middle child and was the glue that held us close. To Kris, Michael was her little brother whom she helped raise and take care of; who grew up to advise her of what clothing looked best when she was in doubt; and who habitually stole her clean socks, a pair of which he is wearing now. To Al, whose school pals have moved away, Michael simply became his best friend and closest companion. For Dan, whom Michael watched over, protected, understood and loved for his uniqueness; together they shared a common interest i n computers which Michael had sparked and fostered. He was Daniel's teacher and mentor. To Laurel, Michael was her idol whom she deeply loved and admired.

SWOT Analysis of Tesco

One of the strengths of Tesco is both goods and mall environment have high standard of quality control. The goods provided in Tesco is many, for example Daily necessities. Tesco have market presence in the world each Tesco has sufficient and diversification goods to satisfy the customers. Tesco has an own stockroom to keep the stock. Tesco has a system of positioning to place the goods. Customers can get their goods immediately without ordering. Clean and comfortable environment of Tesco also attracts many customers to buying goods at there. Besides, the customers of Tesco are satisfied that they get value for their money. Tesco guarantees this by Price check survey, Club card scheme and Tesco range products. For the workers inside the Tesco, they are taught ways to serve customers politely and how to fulfill the need of customers successfully. Tesco is good in marketing expertise too. Tesco's format of stores such as extra, home plus, superstores, express and teso. com gives the consumers the convenience and they are highly respected by the consumers. Weaknesses. The weaknesses of Tesco are that it is still largely dependent on UK for its sales. it is doubtful if it will support fair-trade cotton clothing objectives. The business model that Tesco is using is suitable for UK and not for the rest of the world. Even though Tesco sales are growing from low priced items there is fall in sale of non-essential and high priced products. If fair-trade cotton clothing are perceived as non-essential, its sales objectives will not be achieved. Tesco has suffered from bad debt, credit card arrears and household insurance claims. This is financially debilitating. Opportunities Tesco can exercise a high degree of buying power to ensure that it has economies of scale in its fair-trade cotton clothing line. The growth opportunities n Europe and Asia provides excellent opportunities for growth. Most importantly, the growth of online sales shows excellent opportunity for increasing the sales of Tesco. For example, growing online shopping in the UK. In Germany cotton clothing has good opportunity because it has the endorsement of Tesco brand; it has the marketing channels of Tesco, and the backing of an excellent product mix. If fair-trade cotton clothing offers a good product for money it will get a good reception in Germany. Threats There are some competitors exist in market to substitute Tesco. Giant is an example. Giant provides Daily necessities too. In fact, Giant is not famous than Tesco in both goods and service. The goods sold in Tesco is many and even cheaper than Giant, but Giant is the one of competitors for Tesco. Besides, government regulation is one of the threats. For example, when government increase the food or goods cost, it will affect the customer of Tesco decrease.

Ritual – wine taralli

Nonna's Wine Taralli In a tiny house surrounded by a forest of fig trees in Rende, Cosenza, Calabria, my great great grandmother taught her little granddaughter how to make â€Å"Nonna's Wine Taralli. † That little girl would eventually become my grandmother and she would also teach me the art of wine taralli-making. Two cups of my grandfather's homemade white wine, fourteen ounces of canola oil and sugar, two teaspoons of baking powder, an envelope of â€Å"Lievito Bartolino,† three and a half pounds of flour and â€Å"un po' di aranzi,† as my Italian grandmother says, which are the licorice-flavoured seeds of the nise.These ingredients combine to make â€Å"Nonna's Wine Taralli† – a cookie-textured, ring shaped and slightly sweetened version of the traditional Italian taralli, whose recipe has been passed on for generations by the women in my southern-Italian family. Come fall and spring, a grandmother makes an abundance of wine taralli in the pre sence of daughters and granddaughters who watch intently and help accordingly.According to Searle's Taxonomy, the making of â€Å"Nonna's Wine Taralli† is regarded as ritualistic behavior as it is collective, formal, performance and formative, trengthens existing social statuses and relationships, and exudes ultimate goals. To begin, the making of â€Å"Nonna's Wine Taralli† is consistent with Searle's Taxonomy as it is collective, meaning there are at least two people (Searle 19) as well as formal since it calls for conformity, cannot be improvised and is not spontaneous (20). The activity is collective. It involves at least two and at most three women: a grandmother, her daughter and her granddaughter in any which combination.The activity is formal. Each and every ingredient is essential. There is not much, if any, room for improvisation. The flavour is entirely dependent on each and every ingredient. If certain ingredients are missing, sacrificed or substituted, the wine taralli will not taste as they are expected to taste and should taste. There is not only an expected taste, but also an expected and fixed order of events. The beating of the oil, sugar and white wine come first, followed by the sifting of the flour, baking powder, â€Å"Lievito Bartolino† and â€Å"aranzi,† then the kneading of the dough, the cutting of the strips and finally, the formation of the rings.Furthermore, the activity is performance. It can be seen as performance as it is bodily and demands its participants submit to a particular role (22). The activity involves the beating and sifting of the essential ingredients and the kneading of the dough through folding, pressing, and stretching, which require steady hand and wrist movements. It also involves roles which are quite fixed and unchanging. I recall standing on top of a chair in order to reach the counter of my grandmother's kitchen at the young age of five.I watched her perform er role which involve d kneading the dough with her strong hands as I waited anxiously for my role to come, which consisted of rolling the soft dough into strips and then forming them into the taralli's distinct ring-like shape. Throughout the years, the roles between my grandmother and I have remained the same. Finally, the making of wine taralli is formative and strengthens existing relationships and social statuses (24). An abundance are made to last several months since we gather only twice a year to make them.Since so many ot them are being produced at one time, he participants, especially young granddaughters like myself, have the opportunity to develop the ability to create and perfect the art of taralli-making. It also allows participants to strengthen existing familial and cultural bonds and social statuses. The familial bond between grandmothers, mothers and daughters and the familial status of being a member of this particular family are present and strengthened. The cultural bond that is shar ed in being members of the Italian heritage is strengthened by the practicing of an age old cultural tradition.The bond of womanhood is trengthened in that the participants are exclusively Italian women from the same family. These bonds are present while not explicitly stated. While there is only a small group of participants, the bonds and social statuses that are shared amongst them are strong and meaningful. A popular Italian saying that is spoken by my grandmother when making wine taralli is, â€Å"one can resolve any argument over a glass of wine and a handful of taralli. † As I get older, it becomes more clear to me what the ultimate goals of this ritual are and how they are achieved.

My Relationship with Time and Its Effect on Happiness

My Relationship with Time and Its Effect on Happiness The question about my relationship to time and happiness, I feel totally confused. On the one hand, I agree that those who wake up early have a possibility to complete more things; however, on the other hand, those people who likes to go to bed later and to sleep more in the morning they just cannot be happy waking up in the early morning.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on My Relationship with Time and Its Effect on Happiness specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Our lives consist of the present moments and chances that we should use. But, isn’t it the same if one gets up early, but goes to sleep also early and one sleeps in the morning but awake until the midnight or late? Both persons are able to accomplish the same range of things, being in a good mood and have a lot of energy. It is obvious that all people are different when it goes about the biological and diurnal rhythm. Therefore, I think that one can be happy , satisfied and full of energy only in case if one lives according to one’s rhythm. Eventually, I think that it is necessary to use time correctly, to sleep well and to work in the most productive hours. In the article â€Å"Be Happier: Wake Up Earlier† Rubin says, â€Å"if I want to feel happy, calm, energetic, and mentally sharp, I must get enough sleep† (Rubin, â€Å"Be Happier: Wake Up Earlier†). Obviously, such statement is absolutely correct. However, I disagree with author when he talks about the advantage to get up early. Rubin says that he gets up at 6 am would like to do it at 5 am. I can conclude that his job includes the early working hours; therefore he can back home early and sleep. Such schedule is absolutely unacceptable for those who have the night shifts or works after lessons. Moreover, students usually spend more time studying and working even in case if they have to go to university in the morning. And it is wrong to insist that such schedule makes them unhappy. It is just the circumstances that require the particular rhythm. Also, Rubin asserts that to think about time is â€Å"one of the great challenges of a happiness project† (â€Å"Be Happier: Wake Up Earlier†). For Rubin, time is a master who can dictate the regulations. As for me, time is a worker that should be used in the most appropriate, adequate and effective way. Obviously, Rubin is right saying that the structure of our day reflects our interests, physical characteristics, temp of life and a field of activity. He emphasizes an importance of changing of a shift in order to make a day different. Eventually he concludes that only that schedule is right which is good for a particular person. In this position, I totally agree with Rubin. Sometimes it can be helpful to change day-schedule and rhythm. However, it is important to make sure that such change is good for one’s health and ability to work or study. For me, it is always hard to get up early. Although I have to study starting from the morning to accomplish a lot of work, I cannot compel myself to get up earlier and immediately. After all, it is the best moment when I can lie in a bed and think about all good moments that a new day will provide. However, it is better to get up fast and to prepare myself to university.Advertising Looking for essay on rhetoric? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hodgkinson say that from the early childhood parent starts a brainwashing process commanding children to get out from bed (2007, p. 2). On the one hand, such methods are helpful and teach children do not waste time. However, on the other hand, it can be bad for health if one needs to neglect one’s biological rhythm. Nevertheless, in case of pupils, parents do it right. Or how else they can convince their children do not be idle? Everyone should understand a real value of every second. Perhaps, s uch statement sounds pathosly, it is absolutely true. A successful person knows how to allocate one’s time and how to use it in the most effective way. Obviously, it is impossible to be happy staying in a bed and simply being idle. Form my personal experience, I know that it is absolutely possible to change the rhythm according to my needs and working schedule. Although it may be complicated at the beginning, however, the eventual result is worth to subject one’s body to be under such pressure. Hodgkinson discusses about the historical attitude of people to sleep and idleness. Concluding that naturally people always behave in the same way, being lazy and idle, he suggest a great method for those who can hardly wake up early (2007, p. 4). He says that one should prepare a cup of coffee and set the alarm half an hour before one has to get up. When alarm triggers, one drinks coffee and goes to sleep again. After half an hour one will be awake due to the work of caffeine. I think that everyone should take this method into account. Obviously, not all of us can plane daily schedule according to the biological rhythm. Therefore, it is necessary to train body and mind to work in the concrete time needed for the work or study. Looking at the human life time, I agree with all statements that our life is worth to use every second with mind. Happy person is not the one who stays in bed all day long without any reason. Many times I heard how people complain about a lack of time. The cause of such situation is an idleness and unwillingness to get out from bed fast. However, it is also highly important to take into consideration that every person has one’s own biological rhythm that implies the most effective working hours. In case if one needs to work early or vice verse at night hours, it is possible to use some methods in order to train one’s body and mind. Evidentially, happiness is a deep essence that cannot be conditional by time only. Howev er, the discussion about happiness always involves the reflections about time. Every century dictates its rules and the distinctive feature of our century is a high speed of life. This situation should motivate everyone who wants to achieve the results and develop one’s life. Therefore, if one wants to be in time, it is necessary to use this time accordingly. Obviously, the correct and appropriate use of time is an important issue that can help everyone to be in a good mood, full of energy and ready to work hard in order to achieve the outstanding results, to be successful and respected person.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on My Relationship with Time and Its Effect on Happiness specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reference List Hodgkinson, T. (2007). How to be Idle: A Loafer’s Manifesto. US: HarperCollins. Rubin, G. (n.d.). Be Happier: Wake Up Earlier. Retrieved from https://psychcentral.com/

The roles Of Alfieri in the play A View From The Bridge Essay Example

The roles Of Alfieri in the play A View From The Bridge Essay Example The roles Of Alfieri in the play A View From The Bridge Paper The roles Of Alfieri in the play A View From The Bridge Paper As a character, Alfieris attitude towards Eddie also changes throughout the play. Initially, during their first meeting, his attitude towards him is formal and quite professional, with Alfieri simply looking at the problem put forward to him from a legal point of view and thus is not able to be very helpful. However by the second meeting between the two, he gradually becomes more involved and desperate to try and prevent the impending disaster, pleading with Eddie to let Catherine go and not to do anything he will regret: Let her go. And bless her You wont have a friend in the world Eddie! Even those who understand will turn against you, even the ones who feel the same will despise you! . At the very end of the play, when Alfieri gives his closing speech once again as a narrator, he gives the audience the moral of the play: And yet, it is better to settle for half, it must be! , which means that it is better to compromise and settle for half rather than lose everything as Eddie did. Instead of settling for a portion of Catherines love, he wanted her all for himself and this led to him not only losing her but also losing his name, the respect of his society, his friends, his family and everyone that he ever cared for and loved. It could be said that Alfieris role is also to play the voice of the audience. While watching the play we the audience also want to be involved and would want to warn Eddie of the corollaries of his actions such as when he decides to report Rodolpho and Marco to the Immigration Bureau. Alfieri voices all of these thoughts and opinions during his meetings with Eddie and allows us indirectly to feel more a part of the action. Lastly, Arthur Miller could also have included Alfieri to convey his own thoughts and feelings, seeing as in the past he has openly expressed his disappointment that critics were misinterpreting the meanings behind his plays, namely The Crucible. By utilizing Alfieri, Miller ensures that the themes and morals of the play are made explicitly clear, such as the need for compromise, the idea of powerlessness and timelessness and the idea of inevitability. In doing this Miller is able to voice his own opinions and ideas he feels strongly about to the audience. In conclusion Alfieri plays a variety of roles in the play, some more prominent than others but it must be asked: is he really necessary? Regarding the actual events of the play, the idea and theme of inevitability and powerlessness makes it clear that as an actual character, Alfieri doesnt really make much of a difference to the plays outcome seeing as nothing could have stopped the imminent disaster. However in regards to his interaction with the audience, I feel that Alfieri is somewhat important in putting forward useful information and ideas. By giving background information and general pieces of information, he introduces and sets the mood for scenes, he brings about feelings and evokes emotion and he allows for the smooth, continuous flow of the play, which ultimately increases the viewing pleasure for the audience. Finally, he is also important in making the audience feel more involved in the plays action and is important to the author, who voices his ideas and feelings through him. All this combined leads to my belief that although Alfieri is not absolutely vital to the play, he is nevertheless important and definitely helps in increasing the enjoyment of watching for the audience, which is after all, the whole purpose of a play.

Gray vs. Grey

Gray vs. Grey Gray vs. Grey Gray vs. Grey By Maeve Maddox A reader asks, Would you please explain the variation in spelling of the word gray vs. grey? Short answer: gray is standard American spelling and grey is British spelling for the same color. The spellings have bounced back and forth. The Old English stem was spelled grÇ £g. According to the OED, †The variation between spellings in ei, ey, etc., and in ai, ay, etc., in later Middle English results from the general Middle English merger of the ei and ai diphthongs.† Examples of spellings that evolved from the merger are clay, gray, grey, and whey. In Dr. Johnson’s 1755 dictionary, the entry for the adjective is spelled gray: â€Å"white with a mixture of black.† A note in the OED describes an informal inquiry made in 1893 that found differences among the usage of British publishers: the printers of The Times stated that they always used the form gray; Messrs. Spottiswoode and Messrs. Clowes always used grey; other eminent printing firms had no fixed rule. Many correspondents said that they used the two forms with a difference of meaning or application: the distinction most generally recognized being that grey denotes a more delicate or a lighter tint than gray. Others considered the difference to be that gray is a ‘warmer’ colour, or that it has a mixture of red or brown.’ Various attempts have been made at different times to establish different colors for gray and grey. Here’s one from 1867: G. W. Samson Elem. Art Crit. v. i. 483.  Professional, if not primitive English usage has made a distinction between gray and grey. The spelling gray may with propriety be employed to designate admixtures in which simple black and white are employed. The form grey may indicate those admixtures which have the same general hue, but into which blue and its compounds more or less slightly enter. Individuals may prefer one spelling to the other, but the rule is, American spelling gray; British spelling grey. Note: The grey in greyhound has nothing to do with the animal’s color. The OED tells us that this grey is â€Å"apparently a first element cognate with Old Icelandic grey, â€Å"bitch.† The Old Icelandic word for a female dog is greyhundr. In English the word came to mean a particular kind of dog: A breed of fast-running, keen-sighted dog having a long slender body and head and long legs, long used in hunting and coursing, and now used in racing; a dog of this breed. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How Many Tenses in English?Proved vs. ProvenThe 7 Types of Possessive Case